智邦网
2020-09-03 智邦网
编译 致远
综合defense、c4isr网9月1日报道
9月1日，美国防部官网发布向参议院提交的《中国军事与安全发展报告2020》，渲染“中国威胁论”，称解放军已在“造船业”、“常规弹道导弹和巡航导弹”、“合成空防系统”方面领先美国，“中国已拥有世界上最大的海上舰队”；解放军正在扩充核武库，发展海基、陆基和空基“三位一体”核力量，5年内解放军能威胁到美国本土的核武器弹头数量将翻倍，核弹头规模将在十年内翻倍；“军改”加快了解放军重塑，成为一支更适合联合作战的军队，提高了整体战备水平，扩大了海外军事行动。
报告称“中国军民融合战略的实施正在推动解放军从‘信息化’战争向‘智能化’战争转变”，中国已经调动庞大资源加强对国家级研究和战略性企业资助，并敦促私营企业、大学和地方政府与军队合作；“把人工智能、云计算、大数据分析、量子信息和无人系统等新兴技术作为向智能化战争转变的推动力量”，“这一转变将引发第四次军事变革”，预计未来作战需要更快速的处理和聚焦信息融合，以实现快速决策和指挥控制；“作为智能化战略的组成部分，解放军计划开发陆海空无人系统、信息战系统、新的指挥控制系统，通过AI辅助的网络分析和频谱管理提高网络和电子战能力”，“解放军对大数据的利用取决于获取大量外军高质量数据的能力”；“日益复杂的未来冲突可能会招募、培训和保留能熟练操作未来智能化系统的高水平技术专业人才提出挑战”，“授予下级单位指挥和控制权可能与解放军高度集中的指挥控制体系产生矛盾。”
China moves toward new ‘intelligentized’ approach to warfare, says Pentagon
WASHINGTON — China is moving away from its “informationized” approach to warfare and adopting new technologies that will support an “intelligentized” approach, the Pentagon said in a new report.
In its annual report to Congress on the Chinese military, released Sept. 1, the Department of Defense noted that China sees emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big-data analytics, quantum information and unmanned systems as driving a shift toward intelligentized warfare.
Chinese leaders believe this shift will bring forth a revolution in military affairs and ultimately support future combat that is expected to require more rapid processing and the fusing of information for quicker decision-making and command-and-control efforts.
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The Chinese military has established a Network Systems Department, which is responsible for information warfare.
Last year’s report mentioned this new approach only once under a section about China’s Civil-Military Integration strategy. This year’s report noted the shift to intelligentized warfare is being led through China’s Military-Civil Fusion development strategy.
The DoD’s report said there is a shift away from “informationized” war, which was described in a 2016 department report — citing Chinese military writings — as “an asymmetric way to weaken an adversary’s ability to acquire, transmit, process, and use information during war and to force an adversary to capitulate before the onset of conflict.”
Much of this is conducted via China’s Strategic Support Force. Created in 2016, the theater-level command houses much of the country’s information-related capabilities related to strategic space assets, cyberspace, electronic warfare, information operations and psychological warfare.
China views information superiority, which includes denying information to its enemies, as critical to success on the battlefield. As such, an intelligentized warfare campaign that goes beyond informationized to target and degrade systems with emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, is paramount.
The DoD asserts that the People’s Liberation Army plans to employ technologies as part of this new warfare strategy to support unmanned systems on the ground, in the air and at sea; to support information operations; to enable new command-and-control models; and to improve cyber and electronic warfare through AI-assisted network analysis and spectrum management.
“The PLA’s ability to leverage big data will depend upon its ability to obtain large quantities of high-quality data on foreign militaries. Additionally, the complexity of future conflict probably will challenge the PLA to recruit, train, and retain the highly competent and technically proficient personnel necessary to understand and operate future ‘intelligentized’ systems,” the report stated, noting that delegating command and control to lower echelons may run counter to the PLA’s centralized command-and-control structure.
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