智邦网
2021-1-17 智邦网
编译 致远
据Defense网1月15日报道
美国防部负责采办与保障的副部长埃伦·洛德称：“长期以来，我们将许多项目外包给海外供应商，原因多种多样，包括立法、成本，或政府对不同行业的支持”。
新发布的给国会的《2020财年工业能力报告》中，洛德称国防部将“应对风险、抓住机遇、采取具体步骤，推动改革，完善供应链，尽可能提高部队作战能力。”
洛德称，首先，要加快重塑工业基础，增强美国及盟国军工能力，包括几个舰船制造关键领域，以及作为军工能力基础的微电子领域。
称“现代制造和工程劳动力开发，以及强有力的研发基础同样至关重要，美国科技、工程、数学教育及工业领域业务下降削弱了国防工业基础的创新”。
要求“国防部必须推动国防采办程序现代化改革，以更好地适应21世纪发展需要。”
最后，要求国防部采取新措施，将私营部门创新与公共部门资源及需求相结合。
DOD Aims to Bring Industrial Base Back to U.S., Allies
While the defense industrial base is healthy, there are single points of failure and dependencies on overseas suppliers that must be addressed, the undersecretary of defense for acquisition and sustainment said.
“Over a period of years, we have offshored many, many sources of supply,” Ellen M. Lord said during an online discussion Thursday with the Hudson Institute. “It’s not for one reason; it’s for a variety of reasons, whether it be regulations, whether it be labor costs, whether it be government support of different industries.”
The deindustrialization of the U.S. over the last 50 years, the end of the Cold War and the focus it gave the U.S. on defeating the Soviet Union, digital technology and the rise of China have all created challenges to national defense.
In the newly released Fiscal Year 2020 Industrial Capabilities Report to Congress, Lord said the department looked into those challenges and their effects on the defense industrial base and proposed key actions to address them.
“What we did in this report was try to really capture those risks, look at the opportunities and come up with some specific steps that we can really take to reform how we go about looking at that supply chain and, in the endgame, really get capability downrange to the warfighter as quickly and cost-effectively as possible,” she said.First, Lord said, the U.S. must re-shore more of its industrial base — bring it back to the U.S. and U.S. allies.
“There are a couple [of] key areas there with shipbuilding, as well as microelectronics — fundamental to our capability,” she said.
Development of a modern manufacturing and engineering workforce along with a more robust research and development base is also critical. Declines in U.S. science, technology, engineering and mathematics education and industrial jobs hurt the ability of the defense industrial base to innovate, Lord said.
“We want to make sure that we have modern manufacturing and engineering expertise,” she said. “We do not have nearly the number of scientists and engineers as China has. We need to make sure that we develop our talent to be able to leverage on these critical areas.”
The department must also reform and modernize the defense acquisition process to better meet the realities of the 21st century, Lord said.
“We’ve started with a number of those, but there’s much further to go,” she said. “We want to make sure that our traditional defense industrial base is widened to get all of those creative, innovative companies. We know the small companies are where most of our innovation comes from, and the barriers to entry — sometimes to getting into the Department of Defense — are rather onerous.”
Lord said part of modernizing and reforming defense acquisition is the recently announced Trusted Capital Marketplace, which will match potential defense suppliers — many of them small companies that have never done business with DOD — with the investors they need to keep operating and innovating. The Trusted Capital Marketplace will vet investors to ensure foreign ownership, control and influence is nonexistent.
Finally, Lord said, the department must find new ways to partner private sector innovation with public sector resources and demand.
“We, as the government, I believe, need to work with industry to make sure that we diversify that industrial base and, also, that we much more quickly translate technological capability into features of current platforms and weapon systems, as well as incorporate it in new ones,” Lord said.
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