智邦网
2021-1-24 智邦网
编译 致远
据Janes defence-news网1月21日报道
欧洲议会1月20日以364票赞成（52票弃权）的压倒性优势通过关于禁止发展致命性自主武器系统的倡议报告。
报告由来自法国的欧洲议会成员吉尔斯·勒布雷顿提起，共18页。报告强调：“人工智能只能是用于协助决策或采取行动的工具”“人工智能技术不能替代人类决策”“人类操作员必须能够在无法预料结果的情况下纠正或禁用人工智能系统”。
报告认为，致命性自主武器系统挑战了关于人类控制的基本道德与法律问题，呼吁欧盟禁止研发和使用此类系统。
New European Parliament report calls for hemming in use of military AI on battlefield
The European Parliament has set out its definitive position on the military uses of artificial intelligence (AI) in a newly adopted report. Noting that the technology can replace neither “human decision-making nor human contact”, it also insists on the need for an EU strategy to prohibit lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS).
“Faced with the multiple challenges posed by the development of AI, we need legal responses,” declared Gilles Lebreton, a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from France and author of the new 18-page report, following its overwhelming adoption on 20 January by 364 in favour versus 274 against (with 52 abstentions).
“AI must always remain a tool used only to assist decision-making or help when taking action,” he said, adding that human operators “must be able to correct or disable it in case of unforeseen behaviour”.
His report stresses that human rights must be respected in all EU defence-related activities, with AI-enabled systems allowing humans “to exert meaningful control, so they can assume responsibility and accountability for their use”.
Moreover, it opines that the use of LAWS “raises fundamental ethical and legal questions on human control” and calls for their prohibition as well as a ban on so-called killer robots.
“The decision to select a target and take lethal action using an autonomous weapon system must always be made by a human exercising meaningful control and judgement, in line with the principles of proportionality and necessity,” says the report, adding that the anthropomorphisation of LAWS should be prohibited “in order to rule out any possibility of confusing humans with robots”.
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