智邦网
2021-1-27 智邦网
编译 致远
据C4isr网1月26日报道
美导弹防御局分别与L3哈里斯公司和诺格公司签订1.22亿、1.55亿美元“天基高超声速和弹道跟踪传感器”（TBTSS）样机开发合同。
TBTSS传感器与美太空发展局（SDA）卫星跟踪层配合使用，是美国防部应对高超声速武器威胁的重要举措。
由于高超声速武器反射信号太过模糊，当前运行在地球静止轨道上的传感器无法进行有效跟踪。同时，高超声速武器又有可能规避地面上的传感器，使其难以探测。
而TBTSS传感器在靠近地表的低轨道上运行，容易探测到比较模糊的威胁信号。遇有高超声速武器威胁时，SDA卫星跟踪层会首先截获威胁信号，当威胁武器飞离视场时，跟踪卫星会依次传递目标信号，最后由更为敏感的TBTSS传感器向地面站传送目标数据。
曾有4家公司竞标导弹防御局TBTSS传感器项目，只有L3哈里斯公司和诺格公司中标。
Missile Defense Agency picks 2 vendors for hypersonic weapon tracking sensor prototypes
The Missile Defense Agency selected two companies to build prototype sensors capable of tracking hypersonic weapons from space.
L3Harris and Northrop Grumman will create the prototypes for the agency’s Hypersonic and Ballistic Tracking Space Sensor. L3Harris won a $122 million award Jan. 14, while Northrop Grumman received a $155 million award Jan. 22.
In tandem with the Space Development Agency’s tracking layer, the HBTSS constellation is the Pentagon’s answer to hypersonic weapons, which are too dim to effectively track with current sensors in geostationary orbit and can potentially avoid terrestrial sensors. The constellation will be closer to the planet’s surface in low Earth orbit, allowing sensors to more easily see the dimmer threat.
However, being closer to the Earth’s surface results in a far narrower field of view for each satellite. In order to get worldwide coverage, the Pentagon is pursuing a proliferated constellation made up of dozens of satellites. SDA’s tracking layer satellites will initially pick up a threat, with each satellite tracking the weapon and then passing off custody to the next satellite as the weapon leaves its field of view. Ultimately, the threat will be passed on to the more sensitive HBTSS, which can provide targeting data.
“The combination of high speed, maneuverability and relatively low altitude of some of the emerging advanced missile threats makes them challenging targets for our current missile defense systems,” the agency said in a statement. “HBTSS is needed, since we cannot populate the Earth and the oceans with terrestrial radars to meet this need. The ‘birth-to-death’ tracking that HBTSS can provide when integrated with terrestrial sensors will make it possible to maintain custody of missile threats from launch through intercept regardless of location.”
Four companies were in the running to build the new HBTSS prototypes, but MDA stated on Jan. 22 that L3Harris and Northrop Grumman will be the two moving forward into the on-orbit prototype demonstration.
The other transaction authority contracts covers the prototypes through launch and early on-orbit testing. According to MDA, the prototypes should “demonstrate the sensitivity and fire-control quality of service necessary to support both the emerging hypersonic threat kill chain and dim upper-stage ballistic missiles.”
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